How is the hottest nickel recycled

How is nickel recycled?

there are many kinds of software for nickel recycling. Nickel in batteries, including the past nickel cadmium battery (NiCd) and the increasingly popular nickel metal hydride (NIMH) and nickel containing lithium ion (Li ion) batteries, have made their own contributions to recycling. In addition, some nickel containing materials such as waste nickel catalyst will also be returned to the nickel smelter for remelting

however, nickel is not recovered in the form of nickel, which accounts for the vast majority of the important process of nickel recycling. From the perspective of environment and business, melting waste stainless steel to produce new stainless steel with unchanged characteristics is the most commonly used and absolutely dominant nickel recycling method

stainless steel production is a global industry. Ottokunp group of Finland is one of the largest austenitic (nickel containing) stainless steel manufacturers in the world, with production bases in China, Finland, Germany, Mexico, Sweden, Britain and the United States. In 2012, the group's annual output of nickel containing stainless steel was 2.2 million tons (accounting for about 10% of the world's output of nickel containing stainless steel), and these steels accounted for more than 80% of the group's total output. Therefore, the group is a good example in the field of nickel recycling

the ability of any stainless steel manufacturer to recycle nickel depends on their convenience and cost factors in obtaining appropriate raw materials for the electric arc furnace. However, there are great regional differences in these factors. For manufacturers in Europe or North America with a long tradition of using stainless steel, it is easy to obtain the supply of end-of-life waste. For ottokunp group, this means that about 80% of the raw materials sent to the electric arc furnace for melting are waste stainless steel and waste carbon steel

recycled ingredients

in other places where there is not the same amount of stainless steel waste stock, this data may be much lower. Therefore, the global average recycling ratio of nickel containing stainless steel is only about 60%

it must be recognized that the restriction of recycling efficiency is the convenience of obtaining waste. The life cycle of aluminum beverage cans may only be 6 months, while the service life of stainless steel products may reach 60 years. Although the materials will be recycled, the waiting time for recycling may be decades because stainless steel products are being used in large quantities. At the same time, due to the excellent material and environmental characteristics of stainless steel, the demand for stainless steel is growing. It is expected that the recycling rate of stainless steel will gradually increase over time, but it must be recognized that in order to win in the market, the constraints are neither environmental factors nor technical factors, but insufficient supply. The "stock and flow" study of Yale University shows the interaction between the demand for stainless steel and the convenience of obtaining waste. The experimental machine you buy is not affected by formal channels

recycling road

from small towns to big cities, the collection, classification, integration and recycling preparation of non-ferrous materials is a profitable industry, with millions of people engaged in this industry worldwide. Nickel containing stainless steel is valuable and highly sought after: about 90% of stainless steel that can be recycled is recycled. In addition, classification is the key to realize value. Most nickel containing stainless steels are not ferromagnetic, so it is easy to separate from other stainless steels and carbon steels

there are also larger companies in the nickel containing stainless steel recycling industry that integrate small batches of recycled stainless steel, further classify and sell them to global enterprises. Large or bulky shapes are processed into a form that is easy to transport by cutting and packaging. Waste stainless steel becomes "new" stainless steel after melting and casting. About 60% of "new" stainless steel comes from recycled materials. Each ton of stainless steel can save 11700 kg of iron ore, 55 kg of limestone, 100 kg of chromium and 45 kg of nickel, which reduces energy demand by one third