The current situation and Prospect of the formatio

The formation, development, current situation and Prospect of China's excavator industry as early as 1954, China began to produce mechanical excavators. At that time, Fushun heavy machinery plant (the predecessor of Fushun Excavator plant) introduced the mechanical excavators w10012 and w5012 from the former Soviet Union and other international products from the 1930s to 1940s. Due to the needs of national economic construction, more than 10 factories were developed later. By December 1966, more than 3000 mechanical excavators had been produced nationwide, and the production continued until the early 1980s. With the introduction of foreign advanced technology in China's hydraulic excavator industry, the increase of domestic hydraulic excavator products and the improvement of performance level, the backward, bulky medium and small mechanical excavators that have been produced for many years have been completely eliminated

the development of hydraulic excavators in China began in 1967 (almost the same time as the development of hydraulic excavators in Japan). The early successful products include wy100 from Shanghai Construction Machinery Factory, W from Guiyang mining machinery factory and wy60 from Hefei mining machinery factory (before that, some factories also tried to develop hydraulic excavators, but failed for various reasons). In the late 1970s and early 1980s, hydraulic excavators such as wy160 from Changjiang excavator factory and wy250 from Hangzhou heavy machinery factory appeared. Throughout the development history of hydraulic excavators in China in the past 40 years, it can be roughly divided into the following stages:

(1) development stage (1967-1977): development based on surveying and mapping imitation. Through years of unremitting efforts and overcoming difficulties one by one, a small number of hydraulic excavators of several specifications have finally achieved initial success, which has taken an important step for the formation and development of the excavator industry in China

(2) the development, improvement and comprehensive replacement of mechanical excavators by hydraulic excavators (1978-1986). At this stage, through the digestion, absorption and transplantation of the imported technologies (mainly the German excavator manufacturing technology) by the main engine manufacturers, the performance indicators of China's hydraulic excavator products have been comprehensively improved to the international level in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The average annual output of hydraulic excavators in China has reached 1230 sets

(3) the number of hydraulic excavator production enterprises has increased, and the large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises that have newly joined the excavator industry have jointly introduced Japanese excavator manufacturing technology through the combination of technology and trade and cooperative production (1987-1993). Due to the increasing demand for excavators in China, the enterprises newly joining the excavator industry put their products into the domestic market or export in batches or small batches through the development and introduction of excavator manufacturing technology, breaking the situation that six major excavator manufacturers have monopolized the domestic excavator market for many years, and forming a benign competition conducive to improving product quality, performance and output. During this period, the average annual output of domestic hydraulic excavators increased to more than 2000 sets

(4) the contradiction between supply and demand of domestic hydraulic excavators is expanding day by day. Foreign famous excavator manufacturers are optimistic about the Chinese market and have come to establish joint venture and wholly-owned excavator production enterprises (from 1994 to now). Since 1994, especially to 1995, there has been a wave of joint ventures in China's excavator industry. Among them, caterpillar Corporation of the United States and Kobe Steel Institute of Japan took the lead in establishing a Sino foreign joint venture for the production of hydraulic excavators in Xuzhou Jinshanqiao Development Zone and in cooperation with Chengdu Engineering Group Corporation in Chengdu, followed by Komatsu manufacturing company of Japan, Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Daewoo Heavy industry of Korea, Hyundai Heavy Industry of Korea, Liebherr of Germany, Xuefu of Germany, Atlas of Germany Swedish Volvo company and others have successively established Sino foreign joint venture and wholly foreign-owned excavator production enterprises in China to produce hydraulic excavator products of various models and specifications with world advanced level. In recent years, these enterprises have been operating well and developing rapidly

as a developing country, China is carrying out large-scale economic construction on its vast land, which requires a large number of earthwork construction machinery to serve it. Hydraulic excavator is the most important kind of earthwork construction machinery. Therefore, there is a huge actual market for hydraulic excavator and a larger potential market for hydraulic excavator in China. In recent years, the output of hydraulic excavators in China has been increasing. In 1994, the national output of hydraulic excavators was 2150 units, and in 1995 it was 2336 units, an increase of 10% over 1994; In 1996, the output reached 3104 sets, an increase of 31% compared with 1995; In 1997, it increased by 18%. In 1999, the total output of hydraulic excavators in China reached 6000 sets. Compared with 1998, it increased by 33%. From 1994 to 1999, the annual output of hydraulic excavators tripled. In 1998 (especially since October 1998), the domestic hydraulic excavator market situation has been getting better and better for many reasons: first, the domestic infrastructure construction projects have been started one after another, the investment has been increased and the funds have been in place, expanding domestic demand; Secondly, the hydraulic excavator products of joint ventures and wholly-owned enterprises produced according to the same foreign standard, without reducing the quality requirements, with the increase of localization rate, the product cost has decreased, and its performance and price have been gradually recognized and accepted by users; In addition, since October, 1998, the import of foreign second-hand excavators has been effectively curbed, and the import of new excavators has been strictly approved, expanding the domestic excavator market space. Another important reason is that the majority of users and construction units at all levels are becoming more and more important and indispensable in the construction of hydraulic excavators, and the rationality of using hydraulic excavators to replace loaders and bulldozers in many occasions is becoming more and more obvious

with the continuous development of national economic construction, the demand for hydraulic excavators will increase significantly year by year. Here, we also clearly see that the vast number of excavator users in China have higher and higher requirements for hydraulic excavators. Take the high performance price ratio as an important parameter to select the model, so as to obtain the maximum economic and social benefits

from the changes in the market share of various types of hydraulic excavators produced in China in recent years, we can clearly see the following aspects:

(1) the production of WY and WYL series, which were gradually developed in China in the 1970s and 1980s and almost 100% of which used domestic accessories, is gradually shrinking, and the share is constantly shrinking

(2) the state-owned and collectively owned excavator manufacturers have accelerated the upgrading of their products. In recent years, they have developed many new generation of high-grade hydraulic excavator products. Due to the use of key supporting parts imported from abroad and some contemporary international advanced technologies, the performance and reliability of the whole machine have been greatly improved, and its main performance parameters have reached and approached the international advanced level, The price of the product is more than 100000 yuan lower than that of similar models of joint ventures and sole proprietorships, so it is very popular with users. For example, the sw200 produced by Shanghai Pengpu Juli company, jy200 and jyl161 produced by Guizhou Zhanyang company, hxw220 produced by Xi'an Huanghe plant, sy200d produced by Sany Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd., clg200 produced by Liugong Co., Ltd., and the new type of small excavation produced by Xuzhou Xugou, etc. the newly developed high-grade hydraulic excavators sell well

(3) the product market share of joint-venture and wholly-owned excavator manufacturers has expanded rapidly, reaching 85% of China's total market in 1999, 90% of China's total market from 2000 to 2002, and about 87% in 2003

this change in the market share of various excavators, on the one hand, shows that Chinese hydraulic excavator users have gradually become mature. In fact, this kind of deformation is very small. The majority of users need high-quality, high-level and high-efficiency hydraulic excavators, as well as reasonable prices and good pre-sales and after-sales services. On the other hand, it also requires state-owned or private excavator production enterprises to strive to improve the level and quality of excavator products, establish the viewpoint of "user first, serve users wholeheartedly", participate in market competition with new image and high-quality products, and win the market again

since 2000, the sales volume of China's excavator market has increased at an extraordinary rate. In 2000, the total sales volume of all excavator manufacturers in China was 7926 sets, and in 2003 it reached 34800 sets, a fourfold increase in three years. Compared with 2000, 2001 increased by 56.4%, and 2002 increased by 59%. Compared with 2002, the growth rate in 2003 reached 76%. Compared with the first quarter of 2003, the growth rate of excavator sales in China reached a new high of 78%

in recent years, the actual sales volume of China's excavators has repeatedly broken people's expectations of the market. Obviously, this excessive growth rate is detrimental to the stable and healthy development of China's excavator market. Everyone knows that China has a vast territory and a heavy task of economic construction. There is a large market demand for excavators. I am afraid that it will not be enough to increase the output of excavators to 80000 or 100000 in the future. However, the actual demand for excavators is often determined by the scale and tasks of national or local economic construction. The actual demand of the local market also depends on the economic income of the local people to a large extent. If the local people have no money in their pockets, buying excavators is not empty talk! Why are excavators in the eastern coastal areas selling well in recent years, while the sales of excavators in the western region are far less than those in the eastern region? This does not mean that excavators in the western region are not needed. On the contrary, excavators in the western region are in greater demand. At present, there is no condition to turn the huge potential market into a real market. According to the insiders, the average annual growth rate of our country's land, population, economy and excavator is 15%?? 20% is a normal development rate

China's excavator market will continue to develop in a wave shape, with huge market demand in the future. Since the 1990s, although the annual output of excavators around the world has fluctuated greatly (the maximum annual output is more than 200000 units, and the minimum annual output is more than 150000 units), the last point of excavation is that the annual output of power-off excavators should be greater than that of loaders and bulldozers. According to the estimation of relevant experts, there are about 65 construction sites in the world?? 70% of the earthwork is completed by excavators. In terms of economy, to complete the same earthwork workload (some earthwork construction cannot be completed by loaders and bulldozers), excavator operation consumes less energy than loaders and bulldozers, followed by loaders and bulldozers. Although the one-time investment in purchasing an excavator is larger than that of a loader and bulldozer, the investment payback period is short, and it is a truly high return on investment equipment

in the report of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the party clearly pointed out the goal of quadrupling the GNP and building a well-off society in an all-round way through the construction in the next 20 years. The growth target set from 2002 to 2020 is to quadruple the GDP, that is to say, the average annual GDP growth rate should not be less than 7.2%, which must be achieved. The growth of GDP to a large extent depends on infrastructure investment, and the annual growth of infrastructure investment means that the demand for construction machinery, especially hydraulic excavators, will increase year by year. In the next 20 years, it will provide a good macroeconomic environment for the stable development of the excavator industry

(1) the urgency of accelerating urban infrastructure construction. Over the past decade, China's urbanization rate has increased by about one percentage point a year. It is reported that in 2003, the total number of cities in China was 660, of which 1million people